I've had to cut, add, modify and glue PVC many times on both the intake lines and return lines (under pressure).
I've waited 10 minutes, half hour, hour, hours depending on the project before turning on my pumps. . I've never encountered a problem with anything being hurt in my reef tank nor my plumbing leaking.
A couple of times after only minutes of glueing the PVC, and turning on my pump, I had to scoop PVC glue out of my tank (looked like whiteish snot floating thru the water). The glue was still wet on the inside of the PVC piping and couldn't reach it with rag to clean it up like you can on the outside of pipe joint....I tend to use generous amounts of PVC glue. Again, never hurt a thing...although the glue never landed on any corals, etc. before I scooped it out with paper towel.
Just my 2 cents. You have those that are overly cautious and those that throw caution to the wind....I do both at times.